Neurodiversity 101: Insights and Tips for Parents

“Neurodivergent” is a new term for many parents. What does it mean, and how is the concept of neurodiversity helping children who have different ways of thinking? Stephanie Liollio, Ph.D., a clinical therapist at the Boys Town Center for Behavioral Health, explains in this Q&A.

What does the term “neurodivergent” mean, and what are some examples of how it might present in children?

“Neurodivergent” is an umbrella term used to describe different ways of thinking. These different ways of thinking can show up in diagnoses such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), ADHD, dyslexia, dyspraxia and others. Historically, professionals have used a medical model to conceptualize these diagnoses, which views disability as a deficit. The neurodiversity movement was brought about in the early ‘90s to increase inclusion, reduce stigma and consider the many strengths that a medical model would otherwise not account for. This movement also heavily emphasizes how the environment affects the challenges that these children may face.

What strengths and challenges might children who are neurodivergent present within their day-to-day activities and interactions with others?

The short answer is that it depends on the child in front of you. For example, autistic children are often able to focus intensely on topics but may struggle more with social reciprocity. A child with dyslexia may find it easy to explain a concept but have difficulty writing it down.  The strengths and challenges are so individual given the diagnoses and characteristics of each child.

What are some common misconceptions about neurodivergence?

A big one is that kids who are neurodivergent won’t grow up to lead independent lives. This is a particularly harmful one because it can lead to others lowering their expectations when quite the opposite is true. Many of these individuals are not only capable of building successful careers but often have unique talents that are reshaping the definition of success.

How can parents or caregivers identify if their child might be neurodivergent?

A good starting point is to have a conversation with your child’s pediatrician. They are trained to screen for markers of the diagnoses that fall under the neurodivergent umbrella. If you have concerns about your child, contact your pediatrician or a therapist who specializes in these disorders. These services are also available at the Boys Town Center for Behavioral Health.

What steps should parents take to support their child?

Here are a few helpful tips:

• Understand that your child may present with a unique pattern of strengths and weaknesses.
• Bolster your child’s confidence by emphasizing and encouraging exploration of those strengths.
• Knowledge is power and you are the strongest advocate for your child! Visit www.neurodiversityweek.com or www.neurodiversityhub.org to learn more.

The more we understand, the better we can support and empower our children. The Neurodiversity Lab at Boys Town National Research Hospital is dedicated to studying individual variability in brain and cognitive development during childhood and adolescence, with the ultimate goal of producing knowledge that helps families and individuals thrive.
If you would like to learn more, please check out these related blogs.

Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children - Boys Town
Better Understanding Dyslexia and Learning Disabilities in Reading
ADHD in Children
ADHD Frequently Asked Questions - Boys Town Behavioral Health